Retraction, Correction & Withdrawal Policy

1. Corrections (Errata and Corrigenda)

When honest scientific errors (e.g., calculation errors, typographical errors in equations, omission of funding credits) are identified in a published paper that do not invalidate the principal findings, AJETAS publishes a formal Correction Notice.

The original article is updated with a permanent bi-directional link to the correction statement, ensuring the scholarly record remains transparent.

2. Formal Retractions

In accordance with COPE Retraction Guidelines, an article will be retracted if:

• There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable due to major error or fabrication/falsification.
• The work constitutes plagiarism or redundant/duplicate publication.
• The research contains unauthorized copyrighted material or severe ethical breaches.

Retraction Protocol: The online article page is preserved with a clear "RETRACTED" watermark across the HTML and PDF versions, accompanied by an Editor-in-Chief Retraction Statement detailing the rationale.

3. Manuscript Withdrawal

Authors may request manuscript withdrawal during the peer review stage by writing to the Editorial Office before a final decision has been issued. Once a paper is officially published, withdrawal is no longer possible; any modification must follow the formal correction or retraction process.